Q1. Recency effects are most associated with

1. Long Term Memory Storage
2. Short Term Memory Storage
3. The Dual-Coding Hypothesis
4. Cued Recall

Q2. Which of the following is a piece of evidence against the "hierarchical" organization of semantic memory?

1. Serial position curve
2. Typicality effects
3. Flexibility of organization
4. Cognitive Economy

Q3. Waugh & Norman (1965) performed an experiment in which they varied the rate of presentation of items in a probe-digit task. The presentation rate was either 1 digit per second or 4 digits per second. The data from the subjects is summarized in the graph below. This graph (Ashcraft, p.106, Figure 4.4) illustrates:

1. (across a variety of different courses)Memory loss is due to decay
2. Memory loss is due to interference
3. Encoding specificity
4. Serial-exhaustive processing

Q4. The Brooks "F" inside/outside task was paired with a second visual or verbal task. The data collected as a result of these pairings was taken as evidence to support the existence of:

1. Semantic Memory
2. Iconic Memory
3. The visuo-spatial scratchpad
4. Lexical processing

Q5. Which of the following is not the name of a type of mnemonic device

1. Peg-Word mnemonic
2. Method of Loci mnemonic
3. Invented mnemonic
4. McGurk mnemonic

Q6. Hierarchical Networks include

1. nodes
2. pathways
3. cognitive concepts
4. all of the above

Q7. A problem for Craik & Lockhart�s Depth of Processing Account

1. Circular reasoning
2. Shallow processing leads to maintenance rehearsal.
3. Deep processing involves Elaborative Encoding
4. Shallow processing is less cognitively demanding than Deeper processing

Q8. This Graph illustrates

1. serial-exhaustive search.
2. Serial-self-terminating search
3. Parallel search
4. Release from PI

Q9. The Graph from Question 10 is most likely from

1. searching for a green shape in red shapes
2. searching for an "L" in a field of "T"s
3. Sperling�s Iconic Memory Experiments
4. people answering questions about whether or not there is an "E" in their instructors first name.

Q10. The principle that Ebbinghaus used his Method of Savings to investigate is:

1. Decay
2. Interference
3. Elaborative Encoding
4. Spreading Activation

Q11. Maintenance vs Elaborative Rehearsal is primarily associated with

1. Craik and Lockharts "Depth of Processing" account
2. Elaborative Encoding
3. Simple Repetition
4. Encoding Specificity

Q12. The following graph (Ashcraft, p.155, figure 5.8) is from an experiment that illustrates which concept.

1. Conceptual-propositional hypothesis
2. Miller�s magical number 7
3. Encoding Specificity
4. Priming

Q13. Which of the following Memory Tasks generally requires the greatest amount of conscious processing

1. Free Recall
2. Cued Recall
3. Recognition
4. Tying your shoe

Q14. This graph (Ashcraft, p.179, Figure 6.7) illustrates:

1. Semantic Relatedness Network
2. Feature-List
3. Hierarchical Network
4. Parallel Distributed Network

Q15. Endel Tulving presented people with a long list of unrelated words several different times. Each time the list was presented, the order of the items was rearranged. After each list presentation Tulving had the participants free-recall as many of the words on the list as possible. When he analyzed the order in which the words were recalled, he discovered that the subjects had developed their own grouping of the words. This consistency illustrates: (Textbook page 152)

1. Millers Magic Number Seven
2. Conceptual-propositional coding
3. Proactive Interference
4. Subjective Organization

Q16. DRAW a "typical" serial position curve. LABEL the axes. LABEL the important features. Provide an EXAMPLE of the effect of serial-position (i.e., describe an example).

Q17. What is the dual-coding hypothesis?

Q18. How do we get more information into Miller�s magical number seven, plus or minus two

Q19. Define and provide an example of Proactive Interference

Q20. What is the Sternberg Memory Search Task? What does it tell us about human memory processing?

Q21. Define Semantic Memory, Procedural Memory, and Episodic Memory

Q22. Consider a Priming Experiment in which DOCTOR primes NURSE but not BUTTER.

1. On a particular trial, if the word DOCTOR is the PRIME, then the word NURSE (or BUTTER) is the ___________.
2. Priming (Nurse faster after Doctor than when after Butter) is "automatic" � accessing a word�s meaning will occur without conscious intent. Thus we consider priming to be an I __ __ __ __ __ __ T process. (Textbook page 189).