Overview of Inferential Methods Covered in HS167

Chapter	Parametric Focus	Point estimate	Standard error and CI*	Null hypothesis	Test statistic
5: Inference about a mean: estimation	�		SEM = s / �n or sem = s / �n
6: Inference about a mean: testing	�		same as above	H0: � = �0	zstat = ( - �0) / SEM tstat = ( - �0) / sem
7: Paired samples	�d	d	semd  = sd / �n	H0: �d = 0	tstat = (d) / semd
8: Independent samples	�1 - �2	1 - 2	sem = �[s�p(1/n1+1/n2)]	H0: �1 - �2 = 0	tstat = (1  - 2) / sem
9: Inference about a proportion**	p		sem = �((1-) / n) SEM = �(p0q0/n)	H0: p = p0	zstat = ( - p0) / SEM
10: Comparison of proportions***	p1 - p0	1 - 0	see text for sem	H0: p1 = p0	chi-square

* generic formula for confidence interval = (point estimate) � (z or t)(sem)
** check normal approximation first
*** check expectations first