HS1 Exam 1 3/18/04

Instructions

Select the best response in each instance.

For T/F questions, answer "a" for true and "b" for false.

Please use your scantron to record your answers.

CHAPTER 1 (INTRO)

1.	The standard medical definition of health is:

a.	the absence of disease

b.	physical, mental, and social well-being

c.	"wellness"

d.	none of the above

2.	The WHO definition of health includes all of the following except:

a.	physical well-being

b.	mental well-being

c.	spiritual well-being

d.	social well-being

3.	According to the text, all of the following are components of health except:

a.	spiritual health

b.	social health

c.	intellectual health

d.	financial health

4.	T/F? Life expectancy in the United States has increase by this many years over the past century.

a.	10

b.	20

c.	30

d.	40

5.	T/F: Major diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes account for about three-
quarters of the deaths in the United States. [Remember to answer "a" for true and "b" for false on all T/F questions.]

6.	T/F: The links between race, culture, and health are moving beyond the boundaries of minority health to the broader concept of the "under-served."

For the next 4 questions, place in correct order the life expectancy of these major racial/ethnic groups, starting with the group with the highest life expectancy.

A = white female

B = white male

C = black female

D = black male

7.	Highest life expectancy

8.	Second highest

9.	Third highest

10.	Lowest life expectancy

11.	This type of health behavior includes knowledge, attitude, and beliefs.

a.	predisposing

b.	enabling

c.	enforced

d.	reinforcing

12.	T/F: Despite the best of intentions, cultural norms often make it difficult to change a health behavior.

13.	T/F: Two-thirds of the death in the U.S. can be prevented by reducing tobacco use, alcohol abuse, accidents, high blood pressure, obesity, and gaps in disease screening.

14.	T/F: Most genetic tests can only tell you whether you have a predisposition to a disease, not whether you will develop it.

15.	This is "the belief that you can succeed."

a.	locus of control

b.	primary prevention

c.	self-efficacy

d.	social health

HEALTH INFORMATION SOURCES

16.	Which source of information on the internet is generally least reliable?

a.	organization web site

b.	posting from textbook source

c.	posting from refereed journal

d.	post from a personal website

17.	T/F: There is no single indicator of the truthfulness and value of a health information website.

18.	Meta-information is:

a.	medical information

b.	information about information

c.	poor quality information

d.	high quality information

19.	T/F: The "C" in the CARS acronym stands for "credentials."

20.	T/F: Accurate sources tend to present both sides of an issue.

21.	T/F: Many information sources in our culture pretend to be objective but really have a hidden agenda of persuasion.

22.	T/F: Fair articles tend to be passionate in tone.

23.	T/F: It is important to be on the lookout for politically distorted work when evaluating media-based health information.

24.	A "conflict of interest" is

a.	when there are conflicting points of view about a subject

b.	when the point of interest revolves around a conflict

c.	present when the messenger is likely to gain financially if you believe their message

d.	none of the above

25.	Which of the following is an indicator of lack of credibility?

a.	anonymity

b.	author provides contact information

c.	author has relevant education

d.	peer review

26.	All of the following are on Harris's (1997) criteria for reasonableness except:

a.	Fairness

b.	Objectivity

c.	Moderateness

d.	Political affiliation

27.	T/F: Sweeping claims provide evidence of unreliability.

28.	T/F: The "S" in the CARS acronym stands for "support."

29.	T/F: Claims that seem run against natural law require caution and demand more evidence than you require for lesser claims.

30.	A "straw man" argument is:

a.	a case made by a character in the Wizard of Oz

b.	a passionate argument

c.	a case made with moderation and reason

d.	an argument in which you present your opponent's views in a wild and irrational way

31.	"Corroboration" means

a.	the argument is moderate and reasoned

b.	Independent sources are used to confirm a fact or theory

c.	the argument seems consistent with common sense

d.	the information comes from a reliable source

CHAPTER 2 (STRESS)

32.	This is a positive reaction to a stressor:

a.	distress

b.	eustress

c.	panic

d.	cognitive-transaction

33.	The name of the scientist who described the body's response to stressors was:

a.	Richard Rahe

b.	Thomas Holmes

c.	Richard Lazarus

d.	Hans Selye

34.	T/F: Stress is a relationship between demands and the ability (power) to deal with the demands.

35.	T/F: Being well-prepared and planning ahead are among the best ways to defuse "test stress."

36.	What is the name of hormone producing system in your body called?

a.	cardiovascular system

b.	nervous system

c.	endocrine system

d.	digestive system

37.	Which is NOT one of the three stages of Selye's general adaptive response?

a.	Alarm

b.	Resistance

c.	Exhaustion

d.	Frustration

38.	The two main stress hormones are adrenalin (epinephrine) and

a.	insulin

b.	cortisol

c.	anabolic steroids

d.	estrogen

39.	Are stress levels in college students higher or lower than the rest of the population?

a.	higher

b.	lower

40.	T/F: People are spending less time at work than ever before.

41.	Procrastination is:

a.	changing the way you interpret events and situations in order to make them easier to cope with.

b.	putting things off to later

c.	Dividing a large task into multiple smaller chunks is an effective strategy for reducing stress.

d.	none of the above

42.	What do we call a psychological device that helps us cope with personal problems?

a.	reframing

b.	a defense mechanism

c.	procrastination

d.	exhaustion

CHAPTER 3 (PSYCHOLOGICAL)

43.	T/F: Happiness relies on internal contentment and not external objects such as money or success.

44.	T/F: College students who feel connected to others are more likely to be psychologically distressed.

45.	T/F: According to the book, some people are born with a genetic predisposition to shyness.

46.	T/F: Most mental illnesses are untreatable.

47.	T/F: Modest levels of exercise are effective in decreasing minor mood swings and minor forms of depression.

48.	T/F: Electroconvulsive therapy is still used in treating some forms of severe depression.

49.	T/F: Native American (American Indian) youth are five times as likely to commit suicide than their peers.

50.	T/F: Professional therapists have strict licensing requirements.

51.	The two main components to psychological health are mental states and

a.	environmental states.

b.	social states.

c.	emotional states.

d.	physical states.

52.	T/F: Culture helps define the way we perceive and relate to psychological problems.

53.	T/F: Autonomy means "the ability to act alone."

54.	T/F: Married people report more loneliness than single people and unmarried people living together.

55.	The acronym DSM (used by psychologists) stands for:

a.	Depression, Schizophrenia, and Mental states.

b.	Diabetes, Schizophrenia, Manic-depression

c.	the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.

d.	Disease States and Mental conditions

56.	All of the following are anxiety disorders except:

a.	phobias

b.	panic attacks

c.	obsessive-compulsive disorder

d.	schizophrenia

57.	T/F: Schizophrenia affects approximately 1% of Americans.

58.	What is the technical term for "manic depression?"

a.	schizophrenia

b.	major depression

c.	bipolar disorder

d.	anxiety disorder

59.	T/F: Anyone who feels a little "blue" is clinically depressed.

CHAPTER 4 (FITNESS)

60.	Aerobic exercise improves (primarily):

a.	strength

b.	flexibility

c.	cardiovascular fitness

d.	resistence to infection

61.	Regular exercise has been shown to lower the risk of all the following forms of cancer EXCEPT:

a.	reproductive cancers

b.	prostate cancer

c.	colon cancer

d.	brain cancer

62.	This term literally means "without air."

a.	aerobic

b.	anaerobic

c.	cardiovascular

d.	endurance

63.	Heavy weight, low repetition weight training improves (primarily):

a.	strength

b.	endurance

c.	flexibility

d.	cardiovascular

64.	Which of the following describes a reasonable "target heart rate?"

a.	25% of maximum heart rates

b.	50% of maximum heart rate

c.	75% of maximum heart rate

d.	100% of maximum heart rate

65.	Where is your carotid artery?

a.	in my chest

b.	in my neck

c.	on my wrist

d.	on my upper thigh

66.	T/F: All sports activities and exercises carry with them some risk of injury.

67.	According to the book, all of the following are risk factors for not exercising regularly EXCEPT:

a.	female sex

b.	white race

c.	older age

d.	low socio-economic status

68.	T/F: America's young people are more active than their counterparts from 20 years ago.

69.	T/F: The majority of adults in the U. S. do not exercise regularly.

70.	T/F: A quarter of a million Americans die each year from causes related to inactivity.

71.	Which of the following is NOT considered a component of muscular fitness?

a.	strength

b.	cardiovascular fitness

c.	endurance

72.	T/F: The most rapid declines in physical activity occur during late adolescence and early adulthood.

73.	The overload principle states that, for a muscle to get stronger, it must work against a ____________ resistance or challenge.

a.	less than normal

b.	typical

c.	repeated

d.	greater than normal

74.	Muscle atrophy is caused by:

a.	overuse

b.	strain

c.	cardiovascular deficiencies

d.	lack of use

75.	Where is your gluteus maximus?

a.	in your shoulders

b.	between your ears

c.	in your legs

d.	in your "rear end"

CHAPTER 5 (NUTRITION)

76.	A calorie is

a.	a chemical that lowers cancer risk

b.	an amount of energy that can be derived from food

c.	the total amount of recommended daily allowances for a food

d.	a bacteria found commonly in hotdogs

77.	A vegan is

a.	a specialist who detects toxin and harmful chemicals in foods

b.	a person who eat plants and animals

c.	a person who avoids meats but eats dairy and eggs

d.	a person who eats only plant foods

78.	T/F: According to law, nutrition labels are NOT allowed to evaluate risks associated with disease.

79.	A person who is lactose intolerant is unable to digest

a.	eggs

b.	fatty foods

c.	milk products

d.	pickled foods

80.	T/F: Approximately 9000 people die of food poisoning each year in the U.S..

81.	The bottom of the food pyramid, representing the single largest food group, is

a.	fats, oils, & sweets

b.	milk, yoghurt, & cheese

c.	meet, poultry, & fish,

d.	breads, cereals, and grains

82.	The top (smallest segment) of the food pyramid represents

a.	fats, oils, & sweets

b.	milk, yoghurt, & cheese

c.	meet, poultry, & fish,

d.	breads, cereals, and grains

83.	All of the following are effective in preventing food poisoning EXCEPT:

a.	taking antibiotics

b.	thorough cooking of meats and poultry

c.	washing foods

d.	proper refrigeration

84.	A complementary protein is a protein

a.	that says "hey, you look good today!"

b.	derived from a plant source

c.	that fits together with another protein to form a dish with all essential amino acids.

d.	none of the above

85.	T/F: Organic foods are produced without commercial chemicals.

86.	Besides consuming too many calories, Americans consume diets that are too high in

a.	carbohydrates

b.	vitamins

c.	proteins

d.	fats

87.	The primary building blocks of cellular structure is composed of:

a.	vitamins

b.	carbohydrates

c.	amino acids (proteins)

d.	fats

88.	Which of the following is NOT a correct cultural-nutritional association?

a.	Indian: high-fat sauces

b.	Japanese: pickled foods

c.	Chinese: stemmed vegetables.

89.	Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrates?

a.	sugar

b.	starch

c.	fat

d.	all of the above are carbohydrates

90.	T/F: An essential amino acid is a protein component that can be synthesized in the body from other elements.

91.	T/F: The nondigestible component of the diet is called fiber.

92.	Select the best (most generalizable) way to complete this statement. Weight gain is due to eating too many

a.	carbohydrates

b.	fats

c.	proteins

d.	calories

93.	T/F: Dietary fiber helps prevent colon cancer.

CHAP 6 (Eating Patterns)

94.	T/F: According to federal estimates, the majority of adults in America are either overweight or obese.

95.	Obesity is caused by:

a.	lifestyle factors

b.	genetic factors

c.	emotional influences

d.	all of the above

96.	T/F: Obese women are twice as likely to die of heart disease compared with women of ideal body weight.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Terms

97.	Body Mass Index

98.	Basal Metabolic Rate

99.	Binge eating

100.	Satiety

Definitions

a.	Rapid consumption of a large amount of food in a short period of time

b.	(weight in lbs. × 703) ÷ (height in inches)

c.	Feeling of fullness and relief from hunger

d.	the number of calories needed to sustain the body at rest

101.	T/F: Extreme dieters think they know a great deal about nutrition when in fact their beliefs about food and weight are often based on misconceptions and myths.

102.	T/F: High BMI is an imperfect measure of obesity.

103.	T/F: The media tends to portrays happy, successful, and sexually appealing people as thin.

104.	People who store fat around the waists are said to have a(n) ___________ shape.

a.	apple

b.	pineapple

c.	banana

d.	pear

105.	People who store fat around their thighs are said to have a(n) ______________ shape.

a.	apple

b.	pineapple

c.	banana

d.	pear

106.	T/F: The most common form of bulimia is a ravenous binge closely followed by a session of self-induced vomiting.

107.	T/F: All cultures believe "thinner is better."

108.	T/F: Sedentary lifestyles contribute to being over-weight.

109.	T/F: Exercise is an important component of most successful weight loss programs.

Match the type of causal factor with its example

Type of causal factor:

110.	Developmental

111.	Social

112.	Emotional

113.	Lifestyle

Examples:

a.	a culture of over-consumption

b.	number of fat cells (as influenced by childhood consumption)

c.	inactivity

d.	psychological problems